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absolute privilege

Privilege is of two kinds— (1) absolute and (2) qualified. A statement is absolutely privileged when it is of such a nature that no action will lie for it, however false and defamatory it may be, and even though it is made maliciously, that is, from improper motive. The occasions of absolute privilege may be classed as the administration of justice, proceedings in Parliament and advising State in the affairs of the State. Absolute privilege exists in respect of any statement made in the course of and with reference to judicial proceedings by any judge, jury, party, witness or advocate. Such privilege is called judicial privilege and professional privilege.

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